Hemorrhoids Treatment
Currently modern medicine has a wide range of medicaments and medical technologies which can treat hemorrhoids successfully.
Option of therapeutic approach for hemorrhoids in each case is done by doctor after thorough examination and interview with the patient, stage disease determining and intensity of any given symptoms.
Conservative treatment of hemorrhoids suppose to eliminate inflammation, blood circulation normalization in the rectal area and the bowel movement regulation. Indications for conservative treatment are the following: incipience of inveterate hemorrhoid as well as an acute illness with typical pain syndrome.
This kind of therapy consists of topical and general treatment.
Local treatment is aimed at elimination of pain syndrome, thrombosis or hemorrhoidal bolus’s inflammation and bleeding. The local agents are pain killers, astringent, antipruritic and wound healing remedies in the form of suppositories, ointments, microclysters and so on.
The basis of the general treatment is the use of flebotropic drugs which affect on increase of veins tonus, improvement in microcirculation in cavernous corpuscles and blood normalization in them.
Dietary treatment is definitely important.
The main objectives of it:
- normalization of bowel movement which is achieved by increasing in dietary fruits, vegetables, cereals brans.
- decrease in blood flow in the area of hemorrhoidal veins by excluding from dietary spices, high-seasoned dishes and alcohol.
Spa treatment has been successfully applied for haemorrhoid in the remission phase. Its main methods are systemic mineral baths, rising douche, mud cure (mud rectal tampon and mud applications on the perineum).
The pharmaceutical market is overfilled with large number of coloproctological drugs, each of which possesses some highly directional effect: some drugs relieve pain, while others relieve inflammatory process, third ones reduce the thrombosis effects.
It is preferable to use drugs with synergistic action, and a combination of local and general therapy.
So in order to eliminate pain you should use nonnarcotic analgetic and local anesthetics combined. Procaine block in the anus helps against strong pain syndrome.
Thrombosis of hemorrhoids is indication for the use of anticoagulants local action that is ointments or suppositories which contain heparin.
Thrombosis of hemorrhoidal boluses is complicated by their inflammation with transition to skin structure and the periproctic area very often. Local and general anti-inflammatory therapy is recommended at the same time.
Bleeding is one of the main hemorrhoid symptoms. One can use suppositories which contain adrenalin, and during heavy bleeding one can use intravenous or intramuscular injections of hemostyptics.
Minimally invasive (low-traumatic) methods become more popular for hemorrhoid treatment in recent years, used largely in the hospital and in outpatient settings such as:
- Sclerotherapy
- Ligation
– Infrared photocoagulation
- Sclerotherapy
The sclerotherapy use is possible at early stages of chronic hemorrhoid, when the main symptom is bleeding from hemorrhoids without prolapsed. In addition, sclerotherapy can be used at any stage of this disease to stop bleeding.
The essence of method consist using of special syringe and anoscope sclerogenic agent is injected in hemorrhoidal boluses. Then veins which are in bolus are replaced by connective tissue, resulting in bleeding stops, and bolus is reduced.
This type of treatment is complemented by therapeutic infrared laser for pain relief and anti-inflammatory effect strengthening.
More and more popular becomes such method for hemorrhoid treatment like ligation in recent years. It means tug of hemorrhoidal bolus with latex rings. Unlike to sclerotherapy this procedure is carried aut during internal hemorrhoid (at earlier stages of this disease), especially by debilitated patients.
Elastic latex ring is put at the base of the hemorrhoidal bolus with the help of special device which gradually interrupts blood supply of hemorrhoidal bolus and ultimately leads to its self-rejection.
Infrared photocoagulation
For photocoagulation is used medical equipment, consisting of infrared photocoagulator and hard quartz light guide. Optical path which is focused by reflector from the halogen lamp and is directed into elongate fiber optic, the top of which is supplied through anoscope to the base of the hemorrhoidal bolus. Coagulation is the result of heat flow of vascular pedicle with its following sclerosis.
Contraindication for all minimally invasive treatment of hemorrhoid is hemorrhoidal bolus thrombosis, acute and chronic paraproctitis, anal fissure and other inflammatory diseases of the anal canal and perineum.